Too Much Salt? Global Sodium Consumption and Death from Cardiovascular Causes

 

Absolute Cardiovascular Mortality Attributed to Sodium Consumption of More than 2.0 g per Day in 2010, According to Nation

High sodium intake increases blood pressure, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the effects of sodium intake on global cardiovascular mortality are uncertain.

Across nine regions of the world, the absolute rate of sodium-associated deaths from cardiovascular causes was highest in Central Asia and Eastern and Central Europe

Across individual nations, substantial variation was evident. Sodium-associated cardiovascular mortality was highest in the country of Georgia (1967 deaths per 1 million adults per year; 95% uncertainty interval, 1321 to 2647) and lowest in Kenya (4 deaths per 1 million adults per year; 95% uncertainty interval, 3 to 6)

Proportional cardiovascular mortality ranged from 27.4% in Mauritius (95% uncertainty interval, 18.8 to 35.9) to 0.3% in Kenya (95% uncertainty interval, 0.2 to 0.4)

Among the 30 most populous nations (Fig. S6 in the Supplementary Appendix), the highest sodium-associated cardiovascular mortality was in Ukraine (1540 deaths per 1 million adults per year; 95% uncertainty interval, 1017 to 2099), and the highest proportional mortality was in China (15.3% of all cardiovascular deaths; 95% uncertainty interval, 10.5 to 20.2).

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